Excavations under Israeli control in the early 1970s uncovered the Qumran site in detail for the first time, beneath the debris of destruction and time which had really left only the Roman-era tower clearly visible above the surface. Many surveys were made in the 19th and early 20th centuries even before the discovery of the nearby scrolls. Qumran was re-used during the 3rd Jewish revolt against Rome, the Bar Cochva Revolt, in the years 132-135 CE.īy the middle of the 19th Century explorers and archaeologists had already come across both the clearly visible ‘tower’ at the Qumran site and the graveyard with over 1000 tombs to the east of Qumran.Qumran was occupied as a Roman garrison for a period of 20 years at the end of the 1st century CE.Qumran was inhabited continuously from around 130 BCE until its destruction by Titus’ Roman forces in 68-69CE.Qumran expanded to what we see exposed today, with most of the excavated and visible buildings having been constructed during the Hasmonean Period (Maccabean Dynasties).
Qumran was first used as early as Iron Age II – meaning the 8th-9th centuries BCE, identified by pottery, tools, and wall construction from the earliest strata shows this.What is clear and agreed upon by academics and archaeologists, is that Qumran was: To understand Qumran and its many confusing or even contradictory discoveries and theories, we must first look at the excavated architecture – the community buildings and constructions the lifestyle(s) which they seem to represent and use simple logic too, before trying to tie in these discoveries with the findings in the cave-scrolls. Qumran gained its present name from the Bedouin who often used its more visible ruins for shelter and eventually brought the site, Qumran, to fame when they came across scrolls hidden in caves close to the site in the middle of the 20th century – the Dead Sea Scrolls.
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